Berikut terjemahan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia:
Mekanisme Penyelesaian Sengketa Investor-Negara (ISDS) mengancam transisi yang adil dari bahan bakar fosil serta kebutuhan mendesak akan transformasi sosial dan ekologis bagi manusia dan planet. Kami menyambut pengakuan dan dimasukkannya risiko ini dalam pilar tematik Konferensi Pertama tentang Transisi Menjauh dari Bahan Bakar Fosil.
Kami menyerukan kepada pemerintah untuk mulai membangun koalisi negara-negara yang berkomitmen membebaskan diri dari ISDS.
Mekanisme ISDS tercantum dalam banyak perjanjian perdagangan dan investasi. Mekanisme ini memberikan hak kepada perusahaan transnasional untuk menggugat pemerintah di tribunal tertutup di luar sistem hukum nasional atas perubahan kebijakan atau undang-undang yang dianggap dapat mengurangi keuntungan mereka. ISDS memberikan hak istimewa kepada investor asing yang tidak dimiliki oleh pelaku usaha lokal maupun warga negara biasa—terutama masyarakat dan komunitas yang paling terdampak oleh investasi tersebut.
Dampak ISDS dirasakan di berbagai sektor kehidupan dan ekonomi, mulai dari layanan kesehatan dan pelayanan publik hingga keamanan nasional dan regulasi keselamatan bahan kimia. Ini merupakan sistem yang sangat anti-demokratis karena melemahkan hak-hak serta membatasi kedaulatan dan hak menentukan nasib sendiri.
Selama bertahun-tahun, perusahaan ekstraktif di sektor minyak, gas, dan pertambangan, serta korporasi energi, telah mengajukan ratusan kasus ISDS terhadap berbagai negara, dan jumlahnya terus meningkat. Perusahaan bahan bakar fosil dan pertambangan telah menggunakan ISDS untuk mengeruk lebih dari 87 miliar dolar AS dari dana publik sejak tahun 1998.
Selain itu, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir terjadi peningkatan kasus yang secara langsung menantang upaya transisi dari bahan bakar fosil. Perusahaan menggugat atas berbagai kebijakan seperti penghentian bertahap batu bara, penolakan izin tambang batu bara baru atau perpanjangan tambang yang ada, pajak keuntungan berlebih di sektor energi, larangan pengeboran minyak lepas pantai, regulasi fracking, hingga penutupan ladang gas.
Komunitas yang berada di garis depan krisis iklim sering kali menjadi pusat dari klaim ISDS melalui perjuangan melawan proyek pertambangan dan ekstraktif yang merusak, termasuk akibat meningkatnya permintaan mineral.
Risiko utama ISDS terhadap penghentian bahan bakar fosil dan terwujudnya transisi yang benar-benar adil adalah meningkatnya biaya yang sangat besar akibat pembayaran kompensasi kepada pencemar serta efek “mendinginkan” (chilling effect) terhadap perubahan kebijakan yang diperlukan. Perusahaan dapat menuntut dana publik dalam jumlah sangat besar melalui ISDS, sering kali jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan di pengadilan domestik. Klaim terbaru mencapai miliaran dolar, melampaui kemampuan banyak negara untuk membayar dan melemahkan kapasitas mereka dalam mendukung transisi yang adil. Akibatnya, ketakutan akan gugatan dapat membuat negara menunda atau bahkan membatalkan kebijakan penting terkait bahan bakar fosil dan industri ekstraktif lainnya. Beberapa negara bahkan telah mengakui hal ini terjadi.
Badan-badan PBB telah menyampaikan kekhawatiran mendasar terkait ISDS, termasuk dalam laporan IPCC tahun 2022 dan laporan para Pelapor Khusus. Mahkamah Internasional juga menegaskan bahwa perjanjian investasi tidak boleh ditafsirkan secara terpisah, melainkan harus selaras dengan hukum iklim internasional, serta bahwa negara memiliki kewajiban berdasarkan berbagai sumber hukum internasional untuk mencegah, mengurangi, dan menangani perubahan iklim beserta dampaknya. Peta Jalan Baku ke Belém dari presidensi COP29 dan COP30 juga mengidentifikasi ISDS sebagai hambatan sistemik.
Kami menyerukan kepada pemerintah untuk mulai membangun koalisi negara-negara yang berkomitmen membebaskan diri dari segala bentuk ISDS. Aliansi ini dapat mengeksplorasi:
- Membatalkan perjanjian yang mengandung ISDS, atau merundingkan ulang untuk menghapus ISDS, termasuk menangani klausul “sunset”
- Melakukan keterlibatan kolektif dengan negara lain untuk memperluas peluang keluar dari ISDS
- Berkomitmen untuk tidak menandatangani perjanjian baru yang memuat ISDS
- Memasukkan ketentuan penghapusan ISDS dalam perjanjian global bahan bakar fosil di masa depan
- Memulai negosiasi perjanjian multilateral untuk mewujudkan dunia tanpa ISDS
Penandatangan
(Pernyataan ini tetap terbuka untuk ditandatangani oleh organisasi masyarakat sipil)
Global and regional
- 350.org
- Amigos de la Tierra América Latina y el Caribe (ATALC)
- Amnesty International
- bilaterals.org
- CAN Europe
- CANLA (Climate Action Network Latin America)
- Caritas Europa
- Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL)
- Centroamérica Hub de Finanzas Sostenibles
- CIDSE
- Corporate Europe Observatory (CEO)
- E3G
- European Environmental Bureau
- European Trade Justice Coalition
- Financial Transparency Coalition
- Focus on the Global South
- Friends of the Earth Europe
- Friends of the Earth International
- Global Forest Coalition
- GRAIN
- Greenpeace
- IBON International
- JASS – Just Associates
- JESC-Jesuit European Social Centre
- Natural Justice: Lawyers for Communities and the Environment
- Nordic Climate Justice Coalition
- Oxfam International
- Pacific Network on Globalisation
- Peace Brigades International (PBI)
- Plataforma América Latina y el Caribe Mejor Sin TLC
- Protección Internacional Mesoamérica
- Red Europea Oficina Internacional de Derechos Humanos – Acción Colombia
- Resource Justice Network
- Society for International Development (SID)
- Southern and Eastern Africa Trade Information and Negotiations Institute (SEATINI)
- Third World Network
- Transnational Institute
- We Don’t Have Time
- Yes to Life No to Mining
National
- 350 Aotearoa, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Campaign Againbst Foreign Control of Aotearoa, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Coal Action Murihiku, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Coal Action Network Aotearoa, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Greenpeace Aotearoa, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Lifestock inc Ltd, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Ngā Toki Whakarururanga, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Sustainable North Trust, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Zero Waste Aotearoa, Aotearoa New Zealand
- Armenian Environmental Front volunteer initiative, Armenia
- AidWatch, Australia
- Australian Conservation Foundation, Australia
- Australian Fair Trade and Investment Network, Australia
- Australian Forests & Climate Alliance (AFCA), Australia
- Australian Manufacturing Workers Union, Australia
- Australian Religious Response to Climate Change, Australia
- Bushfire Survivors for Climate Action, Australia
- Climate Action Burwood/Canada Bay, Australia
- Climate Action Monaro, Australia
- Climate Action Network Australia, Australia
- Climate Emergency Australia, Australia
- Climate Reality Project Australia & Pacific, Australia
- Combined Retired Union Members Association (CRUMA), Australia
- Currie Country Social Change Aboriginal Corporation, Australia
- Darebin Climate Action Now, Australia
- Friends of the Earth Australia, Australia
- GeneEthics, Australia
- Jubilee Australia, Australia
- Lighter Footprints, Australia
- Migrante Australia of New South Wales, Australia
- Nature Conservation Council of NSW, Australia
- New South Wales Nurses & Midwives’ Association, Australia
- NSW Retired Teachers’ Association, Australia
- Parramatta Climate Action Network, Australia
- Peoples Climate Assembly, Australia
- SEARCH Foundation, Australia
- Social Responsibilities Committee Anglican Church Southern Queensland, Australia
- South Coast Labour Council, Australia
- Sutherland Shire Environment Centre, Australia
- Tax Justice Network Australia, Australia
- Union Aid Abroad – APHEDA, Australia
- Uniting Church in Australia, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Australia
- Victorian Trades Hall Council, Australia
- Vote Earth Now, Australia
- AK Europa, Austria
- Anders Handeln Austria, Austria
- Attac Austria, Austria
- GLOBAL 2000, Austria
- Informationsgruppe Lateinamerika – IGLA, Austria
- Transform! at, Austria
- 11.11.11, Belgium
- achACT, Belgium
- ACV-CSC, Belgium
- ATTAC Belgium, Belgium
- Broederlijk Delen, Belgium
- Centre Tricontinental (CETRI), Belgium
- CNCD-11.11.11, Belgium
- Entraide & Fraternité, Belgium
- Fédération des services sociaux, Belgium
- Les Amis de la Terre – Belgique asbl, Belgium
- Solsoc, Belgium
- vzw Climaxi, Belgium
- Fundación Internet Bolivia, Bolivia
- Fundación Solón, Bolivia
- Programa de Asistencia Agrobioenergetica al Campesino PAAC, Bolivia
- SOMOS SUR, Bolivia
- TerraJusta, Bolivia
- Instituto EQUIT – Gender, Economy and Global Citizenchip, Brazil
- REBRIP – Rede Brasileira pela Integração dos Povos, Brazil
- Dukingire Isi Yacu (DIY), Burundi
- Association for Solidarity through Humanitarian Imperative Action International, Cameroon
- Green Development Advocates (GDA), Cameroon
- Association québécoise des organismes de coopération internationale (AQOCI), Canada
- Atlantic Regional Solidarity Network, Canada
- Attac Québec, Canada
- BC Casa Vancouver Island, Canada
- Black Environmental Initiative, Canada
- Canadian Association of the Club of Rome (CACOR), Canada
- Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Canada
- Canadian Interfaith Fast For the Climate, Canada
- Centre québécois du droit de l’environnement (CQDE), Canada
- Citizens Climate Lobby Canada, Canada
- Climate Action Network Canada (CAN-Rac), Canada
- Common Frontiers, Canada
- Grandmothers Act to Save the Planet (GASP), Canada
- Guatemala Research Group, University of Northern British Columbia, Canada
- Legal Advocates for Nature’s Defence, Canada
- Maquila Solidarity Network, Canada
- Maritimes-Guatemala Breaking the Silence Network, Canada
- Mining Injustice Solidarity Network, Canada
- MiningWatch Canada, Canada
- National Union of Public and General Employees (Canada), Canada
- Trade Justice Network, Canada
- Chile Mejor sin TLC, Chile
- Censat Agua Viva Amigos de la Tierra Colombia, Colombia
- Colectivo de Abogados y Abogadas José Alvear Restrepo (CAJAR), Colombia
- Comité para la defensa del Agua y el Páramo de Santurbán, Colombia
- LazosTech, Colombia
- Magazín de la Amazonía y Moviccapp, Colombia
- Observatorio Ambiental Ciudadano – Veeduría Ciudadana, Colombia
- Shambala, Colombia
- Youth Council – La Primavera – Vichada, Colombia
- Shujaa-Initiative, Congo DRC
- Colombia Solidarity, Denmark
- CRAC, Denmark
- Den Grønne Ungdomsbevægelse, Denmark
- Fossilfri Fremtid, Denmark
- Frie Bønder Levende Land (Danish La Via Campesina), Denmark
- NOAH – Friends of the Earth Denmark, Denmark
- Amigas de la Tierra, España
- ATTAC España, España
- Colectivo Sur Cacarica, España
- Confederación General del Trabajo, España
- Departamento de Ecología Integral, Conferencia Episcopal Española, España
- Ecologistas en Acción, España
- Enginyeria sense Fronteres, España
- Enginyeria sense fronteres de les Illes Balears, España
- Fundación Vida Sostenible, España
- Intersindical Solidària, España
- La Coordinadora de Organizaciones para el Desarrollo-España, España
- Medicusmundi Spain, España
- Observatori del Deute en la Globalització (ODG), España
- Recortes Cero, España
- REVO Prosperidad Sostenible, España
- Salva la Selva, España
- Unión Universal Desarrollo Solidario, España
- Austrian Trade Union Federation, Europe
- Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era (DAWN), Fiji
- Amis de la Terre France / Friends of the Earth France, France
- Attac France, France
- BLOOM, France
- CliMates, France
- Confédération paysanne, France
- France Amérique Latine, France
- France Nature Environnement, France
- GAFE-France, France
- MABD, France
- Notre Affaire A Tous, France
- Reclaim Finance, France
- Veblen Institute, France
- Association for Farmers Rights Defense (AFRD), Georgia
- Andy Gheorghiu Consulting, Germany
- Attac Berlin, Germany
- Attac Germany, Germany
- BUND Regionalverband Nordschwarzwald/ D, Germany
- CADEHO Menschenrechtskollektiv, Germany
- FDCL – Center for Research and Documentation Chile-Latin America, Germany
- German NGO Forum on Environment and Development, Germany
- Hamburger Energietisch e. V., Germany
- Hondurasdelegation, Germany
- Konstanzer Bündnis für gerechten Welthandel, Germany
- Misereor, Germany
- Netzwerk gerechter Welthandel, Germany
- PowerShift e.V., Germany
- Stiftung Asienhaus, Germany
- Umweltinstitut München e.V., Germany
- Weltladen Hailer, Germany
- Zukunftsrat Hamburg, Germany
- NatureFriends Greece, Greece
- Residencia Pacífica La Puya, Guatemala
- Instituto para el Futuro Común Amerindio IFCA, Honduras
- Red de abogadas defensoras de derechos humanos, Honduras
- National Society of Conservationists – Friends of the Earth Hungary, Hungary
- Association for Promotion Sustainable Development, India
- Samata, India
- The Future We Need, India
- Aceh Wetland Forum, Indonesia
- Coalition Against Mining in Aceh, Indonesia
- Ekologi Maritim Indonesia, Indonesia
- Indonesia for Global Justice (IGJ), Indonesia
- Koalisi Rakyat untuk Keadilan Perikanan (KIARA), Indonesia
- KRuHA – people’s coalition for the right to water, Indonesia
- Puanifesto, Indonesia
- Publish What You Pay (PWYP) Indonesia, Indonesia
- Think Inc Indonesia Legal Office, Indonesia
- Afri (Action from Ireland), Ireland
- Christian Aid Ireland, Ireland
- Comhlámh, Ireland
- Communities Against the Injustice of Mining (CAIM network), Ireland
- Earth Restore, Ireland
- Financial Justice Ireland, Ireland
- Friends of the Earth Ireland, Ireland
- Green Greystones, Ireland
- National Council for People with Disabilities (NCPD), Ireland
- Trócaire, Ireland
- ATTAC Italia, Italy
- Fairwatch, Italy
- Rinascimento Green, Italy
- Community Action For Health And Development (CAHED), Kenya
- Action Solidarité Tiers Monde (ASTM), Luxembourg
- Mouvement Ecologique, Luxembourg
- Seniors for Climate Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Consumers’ Association of Penang, Malaysia
- Sahabat Alam Malaysia (Friends of the Earth Malaysia), Malaysia
- Friends of the Earth Malta, Malta
- GeoComunes, México
- MIRA Feminismos y Democracias, México
- Otros Mundos Chiapas, México
- Procesos Integrales para la Autogestion de los pueblos, México
- Proyecto sobre Organización, Desarrollo, Educación e Investigación (PODER), México
- Red de Información y Acción Ambiental de Veracruz, México
- Red Mexicana de Afectadas y Afectados por la Minería (REMA), México
- Rizoma Entretejiendo la Defensa de los Bienes Comunes, México
- Justiça Ambiental JA!, Mozambique
- Both ENDS, Netherlands
- Centre for Research on Multinational Corporations (SOMO), Netherlands
- Handel Anders! (Dutch Trade Justice Coalition), Netherlands
- Milieudefensie – Friends of the Earth Netherlands, Netherlands
- OECD Watch, Netherlands
- Platform Duurzame en Solidaire Economie, Netherlands
- Working group Food Justice, Netherlands
- Nigerian Women Agro Allied Farmers Association, Nigeria
- Policy Alert, Nigeria
- Renevlyn Development Initiative, Nigeria
- Handelskampanjen, Norway
- Colectivo Voces Ecológicas COVEC, Panamá
- Ecological Society of the Philippines, Philippines
- Legal Rights and Natural Resources Center – Friends of the Earth Philippines, Philippines
- Sibuyanon Against Mining, Philippines
- Polish Zero Waste Associaion, Poland
- Campo Aberto, Portugal
- CIDAC – Centro de Intervenção para o Desenvolvimento Amílcar Cabral, Portugal
- Ecomood Portugal, Portugal
- Extinction Rebellion Minho, Portugal
- GEOTA – Grupo de Estudos de Ordenamento do Território e Ambiente, Portugal
- Palombar – Associação de Conservação da Natureza e do Património Rural, Portugal
- TROCA – Plataforma por um Comércio Internacional Justo, Portugal
- ZERO – Associação Sistema Terrestre Sustentável, Portugal
- ActionAid International Senegal, Sénégal
- ONG Solidarité Ci Sutura, Sénégal
- Umanotera, Slovenia
- Alternative Information & Development Centre (AIDC), South Africa
- Jordens Vänner / Friends of the Earth Sweden, Sweden
- Alliance Sud, Switzerland
- Pro Natura / Friends of the Earth Switzerland, Switzerland
- Public Eye, Switzerland
- Sustainable Holistic Development Foundation (SUHODE Foundation), Tanzania
- TATIC, Tanzania
- Baloos Foundation, Timor Leste
- Network of Rural Women Producers Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago
- Centre for Citizens Conserving Environment & Management (CECIC), Uganda
- ABColombia, United Kingdom
- Action for Southern Africa (ACTSA), United Kingdom
- Balanced Economy Project, United Kingdom
- CAFOD, United Kingdom
- Campaign against Climate Change, United Kingdom
- Compassion in World Farming, United Kingdom
- Corporate Justice Coalition, United Kingdom
- Debt Justice UK, United Kingdom
- Earth Thrive, United Kingdom
- EcoNexus, United Kingdom
- Encountering Existence Ltd, United Kingdom
- Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF), United Kingdom
- Environmental Network for Central America (ENCA), United Kingdom
- Faith for the Climate, United Kingdom
- Fire Brigades Union, United Kingdom
- Fresh Eyes, United Kingdom
- Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Friends of the Earth Scotland, United Kingdom
- Fuel Poverty Action, United Kingdom
- Gaia Foundation, United Kingdom
- Global Justice Now, United Kingdom
- Global Witness, United Kingdom
- Green New Deal Rising, United Kingdom
- Greenpeace UK, United Kingdom
- Labour Behind the Label, United Kingdom
- London Mining Network, United Kingdom
- Mothers Rise Up, United Kingdom
- Oxfam GB, United Kingdom
- PCS Union, United Kingdom
- Positive Money, United Kingdom
- Stamp Out Poverty, United Kingdom
- Tipping Point UK, United Kingdom
- Trade Justice Movement, United Kingdom
- War on Want, United Kingdom
- Weald Action Group, United Kingdom
- 350 Bay Area Action, United States
- 350 Wisconsin, United States
- Alliance for Global Justice, United States
- Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR), United States
- Cross Border Network for Justice & Solidarity, United States
- Denver Justice and Peace Committee, United States
- Earth Ethics, Inc., United States
- Earthworks, United States
- Global Justice Ecology Project, United States
- Indigenous Research Center of the Americas, United States
- Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, United States
- Institute for Policy Studies – Global Economy Project, United States
- Latin America Solidarity Coalition, United States
- Local Futures, United States
- Network in Solidarity with the People of Guatemala (NISGUA), United States
- NETWORK Lobby for Catholic Social Justice, United States
- Nicaragua Solidarity Coalition, United States
- Portland Central America Solidarity Committee (PCASC), United States
- Public Citizen, United States
- Rethink Trade, United States
- Rochester Committee on Latin America, United States
- SAFES, United States
- Sierra Club, United States
- Sisters of Mercy of the Americas – Washington DC Justice Team, United States
- Trade Justice Education Fund, United States
- United Church of Christ, United States
- Cross border organizing working group / line 5 coalition, United States and Canada
- REDES-Amigos de la Tierra Uruguay, Uruguay
- NatureWize Vietnam, Vietnam
- Yemeni Observatory for Human Rights, Yemen
- Climate Action Network Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe